How the Court Writes

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Opinions have more than doubled in length

Median words in the opinion of the Court, by term.

Reading level

Median Flesch–Kincaid grade of the majority opinion, by term. Higher = harder to read.

How often the Court splinters

Average number of separate opinions (concurrences + dissents) per decision, by term.

Citation density

Median reporter citations (U.S., S. Ct., L. Ed., F.) per 1,000 words of majority opinion, by term.

Writing style by justice

Every justice with 40+ opinions of the Court in this corpus. Reading ease runs 0–100 (higher = plainer prose); grade is school years of education assumed.

JusticeOpinionsMedian words Reading easeGradeCites/1k words

Most separate opinions written

Concurrences and dissents, attributed from the opinion text itself.

JusticeDissentsConcurrencesTotal

Longest opinions of the Court

Majority opinions by word count.

CaseTermWords